Antibiotics

MOKSINE 400 MG (moxifloxacin)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Fluorokinolone

Sudden exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (Recommended duration of treatment 5 days),
Pneumonia (Recommended duration of treatment 10 days)
Acute sinus infection (Recommended duration of treatment 7 days),
Skin and soft tissue infections that are not associated with other (uncomplicated) manifestations (Recommended duration of treatment 7 days),
Pelvic inflammatory disease, (Recommended duration of treatment 14 days)
Skin (soft) (complex) infections accompanied by other manifestations or diseases that worsen the condition, including diabetic foot wound infections, (Recommended duration of treatment 7-21 days)
Complicated intra-abdominal infections; including infections such as abscess (Recommended duration of treatment 5-14 days).

CAREFUL! Should not be taken under the age of 18, pregnancy, lactation, arrhythmia and heart failure, low blood potassium and in the case of tendons associated with the use of quinolones

AZITRO 250 mg dhe 500 mg (Azithromycin)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Macrolide

Bronchial, pulmonary, sinusitis, etc.
In tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, in the treatment of pharyngitis in the presence of hypersensitivity to penicillin.
otitis
Skin and soft tissue infections
S.S.T as e.g. Chlamydia
Soft tissue ulcers caused by Haemophilus ducreyi and uncomplicated genital infections caused by a not very resistant microorganism called Neisseria gonorrhoeae, when there are no other accompanying infections

DOSAGE

Dosage for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases due to Chlamydia trachomatis, Haemophilus ducreyi or susceptible Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

1000 mg as a single dose.

For all other indications, the total dosage is 1500 mg, taken as 500 mg daily for 3 days.

Dosage for the treatment of tonsillitis / pharyngitis due to S. pyogenes: 500 mg on day 1 and 250 mg per day on days 2 to 5, the duration of therapy is 5 days.

Use in pediatrics

For pediatric patients weighing more than 45 kg, adult doses are administered. For indications other than tonsillitis / pharyngitis, the total recommended dosage is 1500 mg. The dosage for the treatment of tonsillitis / pharyngitis is 500 mg on day 1 and 250 mg per day, on days 2 to 5, the duration of therapy is 5 days

AMOKLAVIN BID 1000 mg (Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Beta-lactamase inhibitors

Upper respiratory tract infections such as recurrent tonsillitis, sinuses, middle ear infections
Lower respiratory tract infections such as chronic bronchitis, broncho-pneumonia. Genital and urinary tract infections such as: inflammation of the urinary tract, inflammation of the ureter, bacterial inflammation of the kidneys
Skin and soft tissue infections such as: connective tissue infection (cellulite), animal bites
Dental and gingival infections

DOSAGE

For adults and children over the age of 12:

For moderate to severe infections:

625 mg tablet twice daily for severe infections: 1 g tablet twice daily

Dosage in dental infections;

Adults and children over the age of 12:

625 mg tablet twice daily for 5 days

The duration of therapy should not exceed 14 days.

CEFAKS 500 mg (Cefuroxime)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation II

Upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis
Lower respiratory tract infections, such as acute bronchitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia,
Genital infections and urinary tract infections, such as pyelonephritis, inflammation of the bladder and urinary tract
Skin and soft tissue infections, such as inflamed wounds (furunculosis), purulent skin infections (pyoderma), bacterial superficial skin infections (impetigo).
Gonorrhea, acute and uncomplicated inflammations of the urinary tract caused by gonococcus and mitral (q) inflammatory inflammations q.
In the early treatment of Lyme disease, late prevention of Lyme disease in adults and older children se 12 years.

DOSAGE

In most infections the recommended dose is 250 mg twice daily. However, this dose may be increased or decreased depending on the condition.

In most infections the recommended dose for children is 125 mg twice daily. However, this dose may be increased or decreased depending on the condition.

CEFAKS 750 mg IM / IV (Cefuroxime)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation II

Acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, postoperative thoracic infections.
Upper respiratory tract infections: Otorhinolaryngological infections such as pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis and tonsillitis. Urinary tract infections Acute and chronic pyelonephritis, inflammation of the urinary bladder, asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Skin and soft tissue infections Cellulitis, erysipelas, peritoneal inflammation, wound infections.
Septicemia. Meningitis. Gonorrhea.
Bone and joint infections: Bone inflammation, septic arthritis.
Obstetric and gynecological infections: Inflammatory pelvic disease (inflammation of the ovaries, uterus and cervix accompanied by severe pain and hypersensitivity, fever and vomiting that can lead to infertility with disease progression).
Prophylaxis. It can be administered in gastric, pelvic, orthopedic, cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal and vascular interventions when the risk of infection increases.

DOSAGE:

Adults and teens

750 mg / day up to 1.5 g / day given in 2, 3 or 4 divided doses. The maximum daily dose is 6 g

DOSAGE in children:

30-100 mg / kg / day IV in infants (0-3 weeks) in 2-3 divided doses.

30-100 mg / kg / day IV in neonates (3 weeks and older) in 3-4 divided doses

CEZOL 1 gr IM / IV (Cefazolin)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation I

Respiratory tract infections
Urinary tract infections
Skin and soft tissue infections
Bile tract infections
Infections of articulations
Genital infections
Septicemia
Endocarditis
Preoperative prophylaxis

Adult use

Moderate or severe infections: 500 mg-1 g every 6-8 hours
Mild infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria sensitive to it 250 mg-500 mg every 8 hours Uncomplicated acute urinary tract infections 1 g every 12 hours
Pneumococcal pneumonia 500 g every 12 hours
Severe infections, life-threatening infections (such as endocarditis, septicemia) 1 g-1.5 g every 6 hours

Doses up to 12 grams per day are administered in rare cases.

Use during surgery or prophylactic use

Preintervent 1 g for 30 minutes, 1 hour before starting.
In long-term surgical procedures give 500 mg up to 1 g during the intervention depending on the duration.
After the intervention 500 mg to 1 g, every 6 to 8 hours for 24 hours.

It is important that the pre-intervention dose be given 1 / 2 hours to 1 hour before the start of the intervention.

In surgeries such as, open cardiac surgery and arthroplasty prophylaxis, where the presence of infection can be particularly devastating, administration of Cezol can be continued for 3 to 5 days after the end of the intervention.

Recommended total daily dose in children:

For mild or moderate infections it is 25-50 mg / kg.
For severe infections, the total daily dose may be increased to 100 mg / kg.

50 mg / kg / day

CAREFUL! Its use in newborns and infants under 1 month of age is not recommended, as there is no reliable data on its safety and efficacy.

MOPEM 1 gr IV (Meropenem)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Carbapenem

Mopem is used to treat respiratory infections, urinary tract and renal infections, abdominal infections, skin infections, septicemia. Mopem is also used in patients with low immunity to infections and in some patients with infections of unknown cause.

FITNESS

The recommended dose for adults is between 500 mg and 1000 mg every 8 hours.

The dose for meningitis and lung infections associated with cystic fibrosis is 2000 mg every 8 hours.

The dose for children over 3 months is between 10 mg and 20 mg Mopem per kilogram of body weight. The dose is usually given every 8 hours. The usual dose for meningitis and infections in cystic fibrosis of the lungs is 40 mg Mopem per kilogram of body weight every 8 hours.

CAUTION: Mopem is not recommended for infants under 3 months of age.

DESEFIN 1 gr IM / IV; CEFRIDEM 1 gr IM / IV EQICEFT 1gr IM

(Ceftriaxone)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation III

Indications :

septicemia meningitis,
early and late stages of Lyme borreliosis,
inflammation of the peritoneum, infections of the gallbladder and gastrointestinal tract
infections of the bones, joints, soft tissues and skin infections in patients with impairments of mechanisms _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cfale ur,
Respiratory tract infections, especially pneumonia, otorhinolaryngal infections, uncomplicated acute bacterial infections
genital infections, including gonorrhea.
prevention of preoperative infections.

Dosage:

The usual dose is 1-2 g in day. The daily dose can be increased up to 4 g.

A single dose, 1-2 g is recommended to be administered 30-90 minutes preintervent depending on the risk of infection.

The duration of therapy varies according to the course of the disease. Administration should be continued for a minimum of 48 to 72 hours after the patient no longer has temperature.

Use in children:

The dose will be determined based on the weight of the child.

The dose is administered once daily in neonates, infants and children up to 12 years.

Neonates (up to 14 days): A single daily dose of 20-50 mg / kg body weight, should not exceed 50 mg / kg.

Infants and children (15 days to 12 years old):

A single daily dose of 20-80 mg / kg body weight.

For children weighing 50 kg or more, the usual adult dose should be used.

Për trajtimin e infeksioneve akute të pakomplikuara otitis media, rekomandohet një dozë e _cc781905-5cde- 3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_only 50 mg / kg body weight (not more than 1 g)

MOPEM 1 gr IV (Meropenem)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Carbapenem

FITNESS

The recommended dose for adults is between 500 mg and 1000 mg every 8 hours.

The dose for meningitis and lung infections associated with cystic fibrosis is 2000 mg every 8 hours.

CAUTION: Mopem is not recommended for infants under 3 months of age.

FIXEF 400 mg (cefixime)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation III

Indications

Acute otitis.
Uncomplicated gonorrhea
Sinusitis, acute tonsillopharyngitis
Uncomplicated urinary tract infections

1 tablet per day is recommended.

FIXEF should be taken as a single dose of 400 mg in uncomplicated gonorrhea

Treatment of streptococcal tonsilopharyngitis with FIXEF is 10 days.

TEAM 1 gr IM / IV (Cefepime)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation IV.

Indications

Used to treat the following infections:

Pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infections including bronchitis Uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections
Soft tissue and skin infections Intra-abdominal infections
Gynecological infections Septicemia
Treatment of neutropenia febrile
Surgical care in patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery
Bacterial meningitis

EQITAX 1 gr IM / IV (Cefotaxime)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Cephalosporin generation III

Indications

Used to prevent and treat postoperative surgical infections:

Infections of the joints and soft tissues Septicemia

Bacterial endocarditis Abdominal infections Other serious infections.

Dosage

Adult : The recommended dose for mild to moderate infections is 1 g cefotaxime in 12 hours. In severe infections it can be increased to 12 g per day given in 3-4 divided doses

Children : The usual dose range is 100-150 mg / kg / day in 2 to 4 divided doses. However, in infections

very severe doses up to 200 mg / kg / day may be required.

Newborns : The recommended dose is 50 mg / kg / day in 2 to 4 divided doses. However, in very severe infections doses up to 150-200 mg / kg / day may be required

AMIKAVER 500mg / 2 ml IM / IV and LIKACIN 500mg / 2ml and 1 g / 4ml (Amikacin)

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Aminoglucoside

Indications :

In the short-term treatment of severe infections Antibiotic is effective:
in the treatment of bacteremia, septicemia, neonatal sepsis;
in the treatment of severe infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints in the treatment of CNS infections (including meningitis),
intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis),
in burns and post-operative infections (including vascular surgery);
in the treatment of severe, complicated, and recurrent infections of the urinary tract caused by Gram-negative.
in the treatment of staphylococcal infections; consequently it can be used as an attack therapy in cases known or suspected of staphylococcal infection, when the patient is allergic to other antibiotics or to mixed infections by staphylococci and Gram-negative strains;
in the treatment of neonatal sepsis when susceptibility tests show impossibility of treatment with other aminoglucosides.

With the recommended dose, uncomplicated infections by susceptible organisms should respond to therapy

within 24 to 48 hours.If no clinical response is achieved within 3 to 5 days, alternative treatment should be considered.

Intramuscular and intravenous administration:

For most infections the intramuscular route is preferred, but in life-threatening infections, or in patients in which intramuscular injection is not feasible, in the intravenous route or 2 to 3 minute slow bolus is used or infusion (0.25% over 30 minutes).

Adults and children:

15 mg / kg / day divided into two equal doses (equivalent to 500 mg twice daily in adults) It is recommended to use the initial dose of 100 mg / 2 ml in children until accurate measurement of the respective dose. Newborns and premature babies:

After the initial dose continue with the dose of 10 mg / kg, 15 mg / kg / day divided into two equal doses

in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, when the patient is allergic to other antibiotics or in mixed infections by staphylococci and Gram-negative strains;

CAREFUL! Neurotoxicity may develop in patients under treatment, in bilateral vestibular form and / or concomitant ototoxicity. The risk for ototoxicity from aminoglucosides increases in patients with renal insufficiency or in healthy patients receiving treatment over 5-7 days.

Initially a hearing loss may be encountered which is detected only with the audiometric test. Dizziness can occur and be evidenced in cases of vestibular damage. Other symptoms of neurotoxicity include numbness, tingling sensation, muscle stiffness, and convulsions. The patient may develop cochlear or vestibular lesions during treatment, without symptoms of eighth pair cranial nerve toxicity, and may have partial or complete reduction of bilateral hearing or dizziness after discontinuation of treatment.

The risk of nephrotoxicity is greater in patients with renal insufficiency, or those receiving high doses for a long period of treatment.